本試驗中的溫度范圍在400℃~500℃之間,是因為離子交換劑硝酸鉀的沸點為400℃, K+的活動性最為活躍. 而當(dāng)溫度大于500℃時,硝酸鉀溶液將發(fā)生離子溶解,從而降低了離子交換的效果. 離子交換時間以3 h為起點是因為離子交換時間小于3 h,試件的硬度隨時間增加而增加,大于3 h后,硬度隨時間延長而降低[5]. 從本試驗中可得知,當(dāng)溫度達(dá)到450℃時,彎曲強(qiáng)度為最大(P<0.01). 通過以往的研究顯示[6],適當(dāng)?shù)碾x子交換時間可以使強(qiáng)度增加,在450℃的離子交換溫度時,彎曲強(qiáng)度隨時間延長而增加(P<0.01). 當(dāng)離子交換時間達(dá)到11 h,其彎曲強(qiáng)度已可以滿足臨床的要求,這與國外學(xué)者的研究是一致的[7]. 是否延長離子交換時間其彎曲強(qiáng)度仍會繼續(xù)增加,有待進(jìn)一步實驗證明. 本試驗我們所采用的Cerinate熱壓鑄瓷據(jù)報道三點彎曲強(qiáng)度可達(dá)到118.2 MPa[8],本試驗的雙軸彎曲強(qiáng)度為81.5 MPa,可能是實驗方法不同造成的. Cerinate熱壓鑄瓷經(jīng)離子交換的雙軸彎曲強(qiáng)度提高了167%,這較以往研究的經(jīng)離子交換的雙軸彎曲強(qiáng)度提高值(134%~170%)[4,9-10]較高或接近. 由于試驗中對試件采取打磨、上釉等處理,然后再進(jìn)行離子交換,這區(qū)別于以往研究[11-12],可能是彎曲強(qiáng)度較其他研究的彎曲強(qiáng)度不同的原因之一.
綜上所述,熱壓鑄陶瓷的離子交換處理較佳的溫度為450℃,時間為11 h.
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